THE
HAND
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HOW ITS USE SHAPES
THE BRAIN, LANGUAGE, AND HUMAN CULTURE
By Frank R. Wilson; Pantheon Books, 1998
MAGICIAN
WITH A GRACED HAND
Mark
Mitton and I met in his apartment in New York shortly after he and his
wife had moved there. We sat at the table Slydini used for his close-up
magic, and which Mark now owns. Mark projects an intense, open friendliness
that alerts you to the possibility that he might not be a native New
Yorker. He is, in fact, a Canadian by birth, although he has lived in
the United States much of his life. Like Robert Albo (whom he knows),
Mark was smitten by the magic bug when he was nine years old. That was
when he was given a Chex Magic Kit, and the year he saw his first magic
show.
By
the time Mark was a teenager living in Superior, Wisconsin (near Duluth,
Minnesota), he was hosting a childrens talent show on a local
television station and performing sleight-of-hand magic. He saw his
first tape of Slydini when he was sixteen and says it inspired him to
work even harder on sleight-of-hand technique. But he was equally interested
in the psychological side of magic, particularly psychics and
con games, and he suspects this was because he grew up in a very
conservative Baptist family. He attended college in the United States,
first at American University in Washington, D.C. and then at Haverford
College in Pennsylvania. One of his friends at Haverford was a physics
major, and the two of them had frequent conversations about the overlap
in their interests; they even drew meaningful connections between Max
Malinis Book of Magic and the physics lectures of Richard
Feynman.
After
graduation, when his college interests in economics and politics failed
to produce a job, he lived with his parents for a while. During that
time, he studied karate and took some magic lessons from a con man.
Although he had not anticipated it, karate later turned out to be useful,
when he became more serious about magic, because it taught him how to
mirror someone elses movements.
Before
long he moved to New York, where he began working with a street magician.
He decided it was time to meet Slydini, who by then was eighty-three.
One Saturday
I met Jim Sullivan, who worked under the name Cellini and who had
been a student of Slydini. We had a long conversation, and all he
could talk about was Slydini. He told me what Slydini really
knew, not what the magic fraternity thought he knew. He said,
Every day I thank God that I got to study with Slydini,
and he told me what Id have to say to get Slydini to take me
as a student.
So I met Slydini.
He was very formal. Always in the lesson he would say, Do what
I do. I had to replicate his movements, and the mirroring made
it easier. Mirroring takes a certain skill, and once you know it,
once youre in rhythm, its very fast and its beautiful.
Slydini had a wild technique, but he understood perception in a way
I think no other magician ever has, He approached it scientifically,
really broke it down. For example, there is a vanishing paper-ball
trick based on a principle he called the coordination,
and it involves something called an erasing movement.
When this trick is done by people who didnt study with Slydini,
its actually sort of vulgaryou see a guy chucking paper
over someones head. But in Slydinis hands it was beautiful,
and part of it was his letting you see how the person was being deceived.
It wasnt just a cheap trick, because Slydini was a real illusionist.
Thats what he taught his students to be.
Mark
has high praise for practice but, like juggler Serge Percelly, believes
that performing is the secret to learning.
You can learn
from books or from a teacher, but you have to practice, and you have
to perform. And nothing else helps you as much as performing. Doing
a watch steal is a great example of what I mean. Part of what we do
is sleight-of-hand, and part of what we do is out-and-out deception.
If a person takes your watch, you know that a guys taken the
watch off your wristits not really a secret.
The reason so
few magicians do the watch steal is that to learn it you must be
caught doing it. How do you make that acceptable? Either you find
someone who knows youre going to take their watch, or you have
a joke to cover you if you do get caught. And thats only the
beginning, because in addition to the technical skill and the deception,
you need a presentation. Did you take the watch, or do you make it
look like someone else took it? All this has to fit together. Slydini
had very, very strong feelings that it was the overall effect that
creates what people experience as real magic. He said, ListenI
teach you the trick, the trick teaches you the principle, and the
principle teaches you magic.
What
he meant was this: the only way to teach was through very specific routines.
Thats what he did. As a student, only by learning and doing
the routines and by performing them could you start to understand the
vocabulary. Anyone who studied with him for less than two years would
do everything exactly as he did. It wasnt until later that he
would teach you to mold the trick around yourself.
Alter
we had discussed the trick and I had been treated to a demonstration,
Mark agreed to talk about his hospital work.
You can hardly
imagine the environment kids face in a big city hospital. Maybe it
doesnt sound like much, but a magician doing tricks for the
doctor, the nurse, the child, his parents, and sometimes even the
janitor can get them all together. That was most of what I did, but
I was involved in one incident that was differentwe helped a
boy who couldnt walk even though he was supposed to be able
to. This boy was there because of a serious kidney condition, and
there were a number of factors in play, but still, he was supposed
to be able to walk but they couldnt get him out of his wheelchair.
After I had spent some time with him, I started thinking about where
I was at age fourteen. Thats not hard: I was a kid and I
wanted a job. Carmelo was constantly hustling people for candy, perks,
anything he could gethe was basically a hustler. My idea was
to find a way to get him to hustle us for money. To me, maneuvering
him into trying to get a job out of us was the same thing as lifting
a watch.
So one day I
did a trick we call a card read. You take a card, look at it, and
I look in your eyes and tell you the card. Its very intimate;
it elicits an involuntary eye-movement whenever you see the card you
picked. Its very easy to spot.* I worked out a way for us to
do the trick together. I would actually do it, but put myself way
in the backgroundlike I was doing nothing, which is a big Slydini
thing. In exactly the way you eliminate a movement from a persons
mind, you can also eliminate a persons presence from someones
mind. Youre just playing with their perception. So I did the
trick and Carmelo got the credit.
One day after
we did the trick I congratulated him by saying, You are an amazing
actor! I meant it, by the wayand he said, You
know something, youre right. I am an amazing actor.
And he went on and on about how he was a wonderful actor. I told him
he was good enough to join us, and if he did wed pay him. This
was just a hustle; it was a straight hustle. It was
very much the way you take somebodys watch. At least thats
how I was thinking about it.
* Mark demonstrated
the trick to me. I knew exactly what he was doing and still could
not defeat him. It was over in ten seconds.
Fig.
14.3 What would John Napier have called this grip? Mark Mitton,
an up-and-coming master of close-up magic, demonstrates
the technical side of a famous sleight-of-hand illusion. As
he masks his own extra-prehensile manipulation of cards, coins,
and handkerchiefs, Mark unmasks the shortcomings of conventional
descriptions of the movements of the human hand. However, as
he tells us both in his discussion of Slydini and in his story
of Carmelo, a great deal more than unconventional dexterity
is needed to produce real magic. (Photograph copyright © John
J. Pavlik.)
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Mark
found his chance to draw Carmelo into a confidence game in which Carmelo
was the unknowing target.
That moment came
three months later, when he decided he wanted to work with us. Since
hed been so sick, and there was no family, he didnt have any chance
to make his own way and he was excited about the idea of making money.
Even being ill and stuck in the hospital, he still had all the impulses
of a fourteen-year-old New York kid who liked to hustle people. At
least, I was betting on that, and thats what gave me the chance to
pull the little twist.
Three months
later, when he was ready, I came in and I said, Im really
sorry, but it looks like we cant use you after all. I had everything
all readythe money, everything, but we cant use you because
I wasnt thinking about your wheelchair. I mean, I didnt
know that you cant walk. I told himtruthfullyWe
work four floors a day and we use the stairs. If we have to wait for
youwait for these elevatorsits going to throw off
the whole schedule, and we wont be able to do our job.
This is another
common technique in magic. You take something thats very straight,
thats true, you take hard information and you twist
it. I took real informationthe slow elevators, which he certainly
knew aboutand just said, Im sorry. It was
very traumatic, and he was crying, but when I went to the door
he stopped me and said, But, I can walk. It was
just like in the movies. I pretended like I didnt believe it.
It was straight hustlingwell, worse than that, it was straight
ball-busting.
And
it did work. That weekend, his nurse told me hed made a deal with
her: I tell you whatif you get me a pair of sneakers,
really nice tennis shoes, Ill walk. Hed hustled
them every chance he could up to that point, so that was no surprise.
She obliged, got sneakers for him, and he walked. It took us some time,
but he got out of that chair. I dont want to pat myself on the
back. To me, it was just a very straightforward endeavor. It was dangerous,
potentially, and I never wanted to forget that risk. We had quite a
long talk about the reaction of the hospital staff to this event. I
think it really led to a closer working relationship between our group
and the staff.
Reflecting
on what happened, Mark commented:
All
of this, of course, is not an appropriate activity for clowns
in hospitals, but as a person with a strong religious background who
was raised on the idea that its not enough to be good,
youve got to do good, I decided it was appropriate in this
instance. In a way, I think the impulse to do this came from reading
Platos Republic. The first words, He went downthe
allegory of the cavewas what I was thinking about with this kid.
Thats what Slydini did with me. Thats what my karate instructor
did with me. Each of them saw where I was, met me, and then we went
somewhere else together. They were able to meet me because they could
remember the time in their life when they were where I was. My fears
were real to them. And my lack of fear was also real to them. I could
see both of those in Carmelo.
Marks
experience suggests that medicine can sometimes benefit from some of
the old-fashioned brand of magic, the kind that needs the expert
surgeons complex visuospatial perceptual ability,
but with something added to it, something we might, just for fun, call
psychospatial perception. Actually, Lewis Thomas had the right
word for that something extra: empathy. For Mark, it was seeing
where the other person is, to understand his fear and his lack
of fear.
Unfortunately,
Carmelo did not survive his illness, but genuine healing
did take place, and it was set in motion by a young magician who met
a gravely ill city kid head-to-head, hustle-to-hustle. Mark was
a physician here, determined to learn the truth about Carmelo and to
use that knowledge to help the boy reclaim not only his lost mobility
but his dignity at the end of his life.
Both
medicine and magic arc built on the willing suspension of disbelief
that must precede a temporary surrender of autonomy by one person to
another. The patient in a doctors office or in a hospital and
the person in an audience watching a magic showwhether or not
they need to know how the treatment (or the trick) is accomplishedparticipate
in a ritual shifting of power and responsibility to another. Conceding
helplessness, the patient says to the doctor, I trust you. I know
you can heal me. The magician is placed on the same kind of pedestal,
even if it is only theater. For just a little while he is clairvoyant,
wise, and strong. He contains powerful knowledge and can work magic.
Sometimes it really is magic.
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